BrightKidz Library
Subjects
A code wheel, and the message it turns letters into On the left a code wheel: three rings, one inside another, the outer two cut into twenty-six little cells all the way round by short tick marks. One cell is blocked in solid on each ring, and the two blocked cells do not line up, because the inner ring has been turned along by three places. A pointer sits at the top and a dashed arc measures the gap. A dashed arrow leads to a written note on the right, with three rows of short blocks standing in for coded letters and a circle drawn round one word.

Create Your Own Secret Code

About 3 minutes

This is a substitution code: swap every letter of the alphabet for a different one, agree the swap with a friend ahead of time, and you can both write messages nobody else can read.

Build your code

  1. Write out the whole alphabet on a piece of paper.
  2. Underneath it, write a new letter for each one. For example A becomes D, B becomes E, C becomes F, and so on.
  3. That second row is your code alphabet. Keep it safe — it is the key.
  4. Write your message using the code alphabet instead of the normal one.
  5. Give your friend a copy of the code alphabet, and the message.
  6. Your friend reads the code alphabet backwards to turn the message back into ordinary letters.

An example code

Here is a simple one, where every letter shifts along by three:

Original:  A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Code:      D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C

To write "HELLO" with this code, look up each letter in the top row and write down the one underneath it. H becomes K, E becomes H, L becomes O, L becomes O, O becomes R. "HELLO" comes out as KHOOR.

Reading a message

To decode, you do the same thing the other way round: find each letter in the bottom row and write the one above it.

Let's decode KHOOR:

So KHOOR is HELLO again.

Try this next

Keep your key somewhere safe — a code is only secret while the key is.